Despite the high financial and human costs, mounting evidence of human rights violations, and failure to produce sustained public health outcomes, compulsory detention in the name of drug treatment remains a steadfast practice across East and Southeast Asia.
International consensus has shifted to the need for a comprehensive and integrated continuum of voluntary services implemented in the community that are person-centred and encompass drug dependence treatment, harm reduction and social support services. These must be informed by universal human rights obligations and scientific evidence that demonstrates what works and what does not. This approach is considered keystone for addressing drug use and dependence and has shown positive effects on public safety and health.